Opportunities for uplifting the livelihoods of rural women are abundant. Global, regional and national strategies towards this direction are not short in supply. The effective implementation and monitoring of these strategies has been especially lacking. Also lacking has been the sustained engagement with various stakeholders to ensuring the achievement of the objective of rural women`s livelihoods enhancement. It is noted that selfempowerment is the most crucial enabler to rural women`s development than supply of hand-outs of input and other supplies from outside. Women need to be self-capacitated; have the minimum capabilities necessary for ensuring that effective engagement in socio economic, political and government processes see them through to meeting their livelihood needs on a sustainable basis. This requires empowerment through selfgenerated productive resources which partly includes education and training; confidence building; among others. Thus, it is crucial that BIHAPH and partners pay attention to the following:  To continue with the focus on gender and women development, having it as a pillar in the current BIHAPH initiative and beyond.  Above this is the need for effective engagement with the relevant stakeholders on rural women`s livelihoods development at the international, regional, national and community levels.

To strengthen BIHAPH'S partnership with other results initiatives and institutions in the continent such as the joint ventures at pursuing rural women`s livelihoods development and effectively engaging other stakeholders in the process.  Detailed studies on the impact of programs on rural women livelihoods could be advocated at national, sub-regional and continental level with a view to identifying program milestones achieved in different organisations, documenting comprehensive lessons and success stories of interventions for propagation across the continent, and highlighting challenges to inform future interventions.